保守党(Conservative Party)

正式名称为全国保守主义与统一主义协会联盟（National Union of Conservative and Unionist Associations）。

英国政党，其纲领包括增进私人财富和奖励私人企业，维持强势的军事和外交政策，保存传统文化价值和机构。继承了以前的托利党，在1832年的「英国第一改革法」通过後，老托利党的成员们开始组成「保守主义协会」。现代保守党基本上是两个集团的结合︰一个是传统父权式「一国」托利党，另一个是经济自由派。只要有一方寻求改变，一定遭到另一方的强烈反对。为了让保守党组成政府并维持下去，必须小心保持传统派和鼓吹共产主义社会者一翼同自由派和个人主义者一翼的平衡。但是由於内部对与欧盟关系的严重争议使这种基本画分复杂化。现代保守党十分倚重地主阶级和中产阶级的党员，然而，其选举的基层有时跨越了这个阶级，并入约1/3的劳动阶级。劳动阶级的选票是保守党在第一次世界大战後选举大获全胜的关键。第一次世界大战以来，保守党和工党支配了英国的政治。

English version：

Conservative Party

British political party whose guiding principles include promotion of private property and enterprise, maintenance of a strong military and foreign policy, and preservation of traditional cultural values and institutions. It is the heir of the old Tory Party, whose members began forming “conservative associations” after electoral rights were extended to the middle class in 1832. The modern party (whose members are often known as Tories) is essentially a coalition of two groups, and must balance its traditionalist and communitarian wing against its libertarian and individualist wing. It also experiences internal conflict over Britain's relationship with the European Union. Its membership is heavily dependent on the landowning and middle classes, but its electoral base has extended at times to incorporate about one-third of the working class. Since World War I, it and the Labour Party have dominated British politics.