维多利亚女王(1819～1901年)

Victoria，原名亚历山大里娜.维多利亚（Alexandrina Victoria）。

大不列颠与爱尔兰联合王国（即英国）女王（1837～1901年在位）和印度女皇（自1876年）。肯特公爵爱德华的独生女。1837年继承她的叔叔威廉四世的王位。在位初期，她接受辉格党首相梅尔波恩子爵的指导，後来是她的丈夫艾伯特，他们於1840年结婚。维多利亚对艾伯特言听计从，在这个时期有时称「艾伯特专权」。两人育有九个子女。她的子女与许多欧洲王室联姻。艾伯特死後，维多利亚极为悲伤，开始隐居，但她仍保持实际的政治作用如同他所决定的那样去行动。经常与格莱斯顿意见不合，欣然接受迪斯累利於1874年替代他担任首相。维多利亚在位时期称作维多利亚时代，标志着英国扩张和恢复君主政体的威严和声望的时期，正如她在位五十周年大庆（1887）和六十周年（1897）所表明的那样，女王是受群众欢迎的。她是英国有史以来在位最长的君主。

English version：

1819～1901年

Victoria

Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901) and Empress of India (from 1876). The only child of Edward, duke of Kent, she succeeded her uncle, William IV, in 1837. She was first guided as queen by the Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne and then by her husband, Prince Albert, whom she married in 1840. Devoted to him, she accepted his decisions on all issues in the period sometimes called the “Albertine monarchy.” They had nine children, through whose marriages descended many of the royal families of Europe. From 1861 Victoria deeply mourned Albert's death and thereafter made royal decisions as she believed he would have advised. She was frequently at odds with Prime Minister William E. Gladstone and welcomed his replacement by Benjamin Disraeli in 1874. Her reign, called the Victorian age, was marked by a period of British expansion and a restoration of dignity and popularity to the monarchy, as shown by her Jubilees of 1887 and 1897. She remains the longest-reigning monarch in British history.