巴勒斯坦解放组织(Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO))

阿拉伯语作Munazzamat al-Tahrir al-Filastiniyyah

在推动建立巴勒斯坦国时所成立代表巴勒斯坦人的政治组织。1964年成立，以集中领导巴勒斯坦各地下组织。1967年六日战争後，该组织倡导独立的巴勒斯坦议程。1969年巴勒斯坦解放组织最大的组成部分法塔赫的领导人阿拉法特成为主席。从1960年代开始，巴勒斯坦解放组织开始以约旦为基地与以色列展开游击战；1971年被国王胡笙强行驱逐出境後，该组织将总部转移到了黎巴嫩。1974年阿拉法特倡导集中巴勒斯坦解放组织的力量直接攻打以色列。至此，巴勒斯坦解放组织被阿拉伯社会认为是所有巴勒斯坦人的唯一合法代表。1976年巴勒斯坦解放组织经许可被纳入阿拉伯国家联盟。1982年以色列入侵黎巴嫩，驱散了巴勒斯坦解放组织在此的武装力量。1988年以突尼斯为基地的巴勒斯坦解放组织宣布成立巴勒斯坦国，并在次年选举阿拉法特为总统。虽然少数军事组织不同意，它仍承认了以色列政权。1993年以色列政府承认了巴勒斯坦解放组织，并签订公约，将约旦河西岸和加萨走廊的统治权移转给巴勒斯坦。巴勒斯坦解放组织成为了巴勒斯坦不可分割的一部分。亦请参阅Lebanese civil war。

English version：

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

Umbrella political organization representing the Palestinian people in their drive for a Palestinian state. It was formed in 1964 to centralize the leadership of various groups. After the Six-Day War of 1967, the PLO promoted a distinctively Palestinian agenda. In 1969 Yasir Arafat, leader of Fatah, the PLO's largest faction, became its chairman. From the late 1960s the PLO engaged in guerrilla attacks on Israel from bases in Jordan; in 1971 King Hussein expelled them, and PLO headquarters moved to Lebanon. In 1974 Arafat advocated limiting PLO activity to direct attacks against Israel, and the Arab community recognized the PLO as the sole legitimate representative of all Palestinians. It was admitted to the Arab League in 1976. In 1982 Israel invaded Lebanon and expelled PLO forces based there. In 1988 the PLO leadership, then based in Tunis, declared a Palestinian state and the following year elected Arafat its president. It also recognized Israel's right to exist, though several militant factions dissented. In 1993 Israel recognized the PLO by signing an agreement with it granting Palestinian self rule in parts of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The PLO became an integral part of the Palestinian National Authority. See also Lebanese civil war.