蒙特娄(Montreal)

加拿大东南部城市。约占蒙特娄岛面积的1/3，近渥太华河和圣罗伦斯河汇合处。都会区包括了蒙特娄和其他岛屿，及圣罗伦斯湾两岸。该市建於蒙特娄山坡地上，这也是该市名称的由来。蒙特娄同时通行英语和法语，亦是法裔加拿大人的工业和文化中心。1535年法国探险家卡蒂埃来到前这里是休伦人的霍舍拉加定居地。法国人在1642年建立第一个欧洲居民点，名为蒙特娄的玛丽城。18世纪上半期以毛皮贸易为基础而迅速殖民地化，该城市也迅速扩张。1760年降於英国势力，与整个新法兰西於1763年成为英属北美帝国的一部分。1844～1849年为加拿大的首都。为加拿大内陆和海洋运输的重要港口，是该国第二大城市及重要文化中心，市内有一座包含了戏剧、音乐厅和博物馆综合建筑体。市内的教育机构有麦吉尔大学和康科迪亚大学等英语系大学，及蒙特娄大学和魁北克大学蒙特娄分校等法语系大学。人口︰都会区3,327,000（1996）。

English version：

Montreal

City (metro. area pop., 1996: 3,327,000), southeastern Canada. It occupies about one-third of ?le de Montréal (Montreal Island), near the confluence of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers. The metropolitan area encompasses Montréal and other islands, as well as both shores of the St. Lawrence. It is built on the slopes of a mountain, Mont-Royal, from which the city's name is derived. English and French are spoken throughout the city, which is the chief center of French-Canadian industry and culture. The site was occupied by the Huron Indian settlement of Hochelaga when visited by French explorer Jacques Cartier in 1535. The first European settlement was founded by the French in 1642, and was given the name Ville-Marie de Montréal. Rapid colonization based on the fur trade began in the first half of the 18th century, and the city soon grew beyond its walls. It surrendered to British forces in 1760 and, with all of New France, became part of the British North American empire in 1763. Montreal served as the capital of Canada 1844-49. It is one of Canada's chief ports for both oceangoing and inland shipping. It is Canada's second-largest city and a major cultural center, with a complex of theater and concert halls and several museums. It is the seat of the English-language universities McGill Univ. and Concordia Univ., and of the French-language University de Montréal and the University du Québec à Montréal.