亚拉冈(Aragon)

西班牙东北部自治区（1996年人口约1,188,000），面积约18,398平方哩（47,651平方公里），首府为萨拉戈萨（Saragossa）。范围大致相当於历史上亚拉冈王国。境内有中庇里牛斯和伊比利山区，厄波罗河（Ebro River）流经大部分地区。1035年拉米罗一世（Ramiro I）建立亚拉冈王国，後来这块土地落入摩尔人手里。1118年当时的阿尔摩拉维德王国的首都萨拉戈萨为亚拉冈的阿方索一世（Alfonso I）所占，现在亚拉冈的版图大致在12世纪末底定。13～14世纪时，其统治了西西里、萨丁尼亚、那不勒斯和那瓦尔。15世纪费迪南德五世（Ferdinand V）与卡斯提尔的伊莎贝拉一世（Isabella I）结婚，亚拉冈和卡斯提尔王国合并，为近代的西班牙奠定了初步基础。1833年亚拉冈被画为几个省。经济以农业、采矿和工业为主，工业集中在萨拉戈萨。

English version：

Aragon

Autonomous community (pop., 1996 est.: 1,188,000), northeastern Spain. It occupies an area of 18,398 sq mi (47,651 sq km); its capital is at the city of Saragossa. It is roughly coextensive with the historical kingdom of Aragon. Mountains, including the Pyrenees, dominate the relief north and south of the Ebro River, which bisects Aragon. Established in 1035 by Ramiro I, the historical kingdom grew as land was retaken from the Moors: Saragossa, the capital of the Almoravid kingdom, fell to Alfonso I of Aragon in 1118, and the reconquest of present-day Aragon was completed by the late 12th century. In the 13th-14th century, it came to rule Sicily, Sardinia, Naples, and Navarre. In the 15th century Ferdinand married Isabella of Castile, uniting the kingdoms of Aragon and Castile and forming the nucleus of modern Spain. The old kingdom of Aragon survived as an administrative unit until 1833, when it was divided into provinces. Agriculture, mining, and industry, the latter concentrated at Saragossa, are economically important.