耳-科普123

耳

杂烩百科2023-02-02 16:54:45百科

耳(ear)

司听觉（hearing）和平衡的器官。人类的耳分为外耳、中耳和内耳三部?a href='http://www.baiven.com/baike/220/254876.html' target='_blank' style='color:#136ec2'>郑和舛ǘ屯舛馈Ｖ卸ü哪ぁ⒐氖摇⒀使墓芗疤」牵还哪の混锻舛赖撞浚时庾缎危还氖沂且缓涨唬混豆哪び肽诙獗谥洌谟刑」牵惶」俏腹恰⒄韫呛惋牍牵呦嗔商橇矗谎使墓艽庸氖仪氨谙蚯啊⒛凇⑾路酵ㄏ虮茄什啾冢士谝话愠时蘸献刺萄适惫芸诙倏箍掌牍氖乙员３止哪つ谕馄蛊胶狻Ｄ诙畈仂厄ü茄也浚匦淝视置月罚智巴ァ牍婀芎投先糠帧Ｉň占嵊赏舛来凉哪ぃ构哪ふ穸⒉橇吹恼穸言泊凹ざ巴ソ淄饬馨鸵罕湮翰ǎ翰ㄕ穸啄ぃ刮混痘啄ど系穆菪魇艽碳ぃ宥窬撂踔惺喽酢Ｄ诙辔?a href='http://www.baiven.com/baike/222/244854.html' target='_blank' style='color:#136ec2'>平衡觉感受器，空间加速运动和身体的旋转运动可使半规管内的液体出现惯性迟滞，刺激毛细胞感受器；加速或旋转运动长时间刺激毛细胞後突然停止，会使人感到头晕目眩。最常见的进行性失聪的病因是耳硬化，可致卵圆窗上的镫骨固定，声波传导障碍；造成耳硬化的成因不明，但手术治疗的效果甚佳。先天性神经性耳聋是常见的内耳疾病，主要原因为耳蜗神经缺陷，目前尚无法治疗。此外，普通感冒会经由咽鼓管从鼻管扩散至中耳，尤常见於新生儿及儿童。亦请参阅deafness、otitis。

English version：

ear

Organ of hearing and balance. The outer ear directs sound vibrations through the auditory canal to the eardrum, which is stretched across the end of the auditory canal and which transmits sound vibrations to the middle ear. There a chain of three tiny bones conducts the vibrations to the inner ear. Fluid inside the cochlea of the inner ear stimulates sensory hairs; these in turn initiate the nerve impulses that travel along the auditory nerve to the brain. The inner ear is also an organ of balance: the sensation of dizziness that is felt after spinning is caused when fluid inside the inner ear's semicircular canals continues to move and stimulate sensory hairs after the body has come to rest. The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the nasal passages; that connection allows the common cold to spread from the nasal passages to the middle ear, especially in infants and small children. The most common cause of hearing loss is otosclerosis, a surgically correctable disease in which one of the bones of the middle ear loses its capacity to vibrate. See also deafness, otitis.