阿拉伯联合大公国(United Arab Emirates)

旧称停战诸国（Trucial States）

阿拉伯半岛东部七个酋长国组成的联邦，它们分别是阿布达比、杜拜、阿治曼（Ajaman）、沙迦（Ash-Shariqah）、乌姆盖万（Umm al-Qaywayn）、哈伊马角（Ra's al-Khaymah），以及富查伊拉。面积约77,700平方公里。人口约3,108,000（2001）。首都︰阿布达比。当地居民为阿拉伯人，但印度人、巴基斯坦人、孟加拉人和伊朗人等移民劳工也占有相当大的比例。语言︰阿拉伯语（官方语）、英语、波斯语、乌尔都语和印地语。宗教：伊斯兰教（国教）、基督教和印度教。货币︰迪拉姆（DH）。土地主要为低平的沙漠平原，哈杰尔山余脉沿着东部的穆桑代姆半岛伸入境内。三个天然深水港位於阿曼湾东部海岸。石油蕴藏量占世界总量的10%。天然气储藏量占世界总量的5%，石油和天然气生产是该国的主要工业。其他主要经济活动为渔业、放养家畜和生产海枣。联盟政府有一任命的谘询机构，国家元首是总统，政府首脑为总理。

1820年英国与沿海统治者订立和约。该地区旧称「海盗海岸」，後被称为「停战海岸」。1892年诸国统治者同意只限与英国有外交关系。虽然自1843年由英国管理该区，但从未获得主权，各个国家都保持着完整的内部控制权。各国於1960年成立了停战诸国委员会。1971年舍赫（sheik）们结束与英国的防御条约，组成六个成员的联盟。1972年哈伊马角加入。在波斯湾战争（1991）中曾协助联军攻打伊拉克。

English version：

United Arab Emirates

Federation of seven states, eastern Arabian Peninsula. They are the emirates of Abu Dhabi, Dubayy, Ajman, Al-Shariqah, Umm al-Qaywayn, Ras al-Khaymah, and Al-Fujayrah. Area: 32,280 sq mi (83,600 sq km). Population (1997 est.): 2,580,000. Capital: Abu Dhabi. Indigenous inhabitants are Arabs, but a large part of the population is made up of Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, and Iranian immigrant workers. Languages: Arabic (official), English, Persian, Urdu, Hindi. Religions: Islam (official), Christianity, Hinduism. Currency: U.A.E. dirham. The United Arab Emirates' low-lying desert plain is broken by the Al-Hajar Mountains along the Musandam Peninsula. Three natural deepwater harbors are located along the Gulf of Oman. It has 10% of the world's petroleum reserves and 5% of its natural-gas reserves; their production makes up the principal industries. Other important economic activities include fishing, herding, and growing of dates. The federation has one appointive advisory board; its chief of state is the president and the head of government is the prime minister. In 1820 the British exacted a peace treaty with local rulers along the coast. The area formerly called the Pirate Coast became known as the Trucial Coast. In 1892 the rulers agreed to restrict foreign relations to Britain. Though the British administered the region from 1843, they never assumed sovereignty; each state maintained full internal control. The states formed the Trucial States Council in 1960. In 1971 the sheiks terminated defense treaties with Britain and established the six-member federation. Ras al-Khaymah joined it in 1972. The U.A.E. aided coalition forces against Iraq in the Persian Gulf War (1991).